Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Chronic Kidney Disease Details

Chronic Kidney Disease. Mobile Phone Number 01797522136, 01987073965. Chronic Kidney Disease is a type of long term kidney disease, in which either there is a gradual loss of kidney functions which occurs over a period of months or years. This condition is also called Renal failure, Kidney failure, Renal impairment, Chronic Renal Disease, Impaired Kidney Function, etc.

Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease is a common condition often associated with getting older. CKD can get worse over time & eventually the kidneys may stop working altogether, but this is uncommon. Many people with CKD are able to live long lives with the condition.

Symptoms of CKD

Symptoms of Chronic kidney diseases are-

• Tiredness
• Swollen ankles, feet or hands
• Shortness of breath
• Feelings sick
• Blood in your urine

Causes of CKD

• High blood pressure
• Diabetes
• High cholesterol
• Kidney infection
• Glomerulonephritis
• Autosomal dominant polycystic
• kidney stone

Treatment of CKD

• Kidney transplant-This may be necessary in advanced CKD
• Dialysis- Treatment to replicate some of the kidneys function.

Anatomy of Urinary System

Urinary System consists of Right Kidney, Left Kidney, Right Ureter, Left Ureter, Urinary Bladder, and Urethra.

Anatomy of Urinary System

Parts of Kidney are Renal Cortex, Renal Medulla, Nephrons, Collecting Ducts, Renal Calix, Renal Pelvis.

Anatomy of Nephron

Nephron consists of Bowmen’s capsule, Glomerulus, Proximal Convoluted Tubule, Loop of Henle, Distal Convoluted Tubule, Collecting Duct.

Common Kidney Problems

Common kidney diseases include:

Kidney cancer: A rare tumor that can occur due to the high frequency of kidney cysts. 

Chronic kidney disease (CKD): A long-term condition that worsens over time. High blood pressure and diabetes are the most common causes. 

Kidney stones: A common kidney problem that can range in size from a grain of sand to a golf ball. 

Kidney infection: Can be serious if left untreated. Symptoms include pain in the lower back, fever, chills, and pain while urinating. 

Acute kidney injury (AKI): A sudden decline in kidney function that requires immediate treatment. AKI can be fatal. 

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD): A genetic disorder that causes fluid-filled cysts to grow in the kidneys. 

Glomerulonephritis: A disease that damages the glomeruli, the filtering units in the kidneys. 

Membranous nephropathy: An immune system disorder that attacks the waste-filtering membranes in the kidneys. 

Kidney Profile Test

Blood Test: Creatinine, Urea, Uric acid, Amonium salt

eGFR (expected Glomerulo Filtration Rate)

Urine Test: Creatinine, Urea, Uric acid, Amonium salt

Imaging Test: Ultrasound for identifying kidneys’ structure and size.

Kidney biopsy: Taking kidney tissue with the help of local anesthesia and needle.

Risk Factors of Chronic kidney disease

• Diabetes
• Smoking
• High blood pressure
• Cardiovascular disease
• Obesity
• Abnormal kidney structure
• Older age

Complication of CKD

• Fluid retention which could lead to swelling, arms & legs, high blood pressure.
• Anemia
• Heart disease
• Increase risk of bone fractures
• Decreased immune response
• Decreased sex drive

Prevention of CKD