Study of OTC Drug & Medicine

Study of OTC Drug & Medicine Details

1.Define OTC drugs & OTC Medicine

The drugs and medicine which can be used according to patients symptoms are OTC drugs and medicines.

OTC means Over The Counter. OTC drugs and medicines are safe and stable.

2.Mention the names of OTC medicines started with “A”.

OTC medicines started with alphabet “A”

• Albendazole Chewable tablet-It is an anti Helminthes medicine
• Antacid Chewable tablet & Antacid Suspension
• Ascorbic Acid Chewable tablet & Syrup. Vitamin C is called Ascorbic Acid.

3.Albendazole কি? Albendazole এর নরমাল ডোজ লিখ

Albendazoleহচ্ছে একটি broad spectrum কৃমিনাশক drug. ইহা সাধারনত Nematodes কৃমির বিরুদ্ধে কাজ।

Doses

• প্রথম দিন রাতে শোয়ার সময় ১ টি
• ৭ দিন রাতে শোয়ার সময় ১ টি

4.Define Nematodes (Round Worm)

The Nematodes or round worms constitute the phylum Nematoda, with plant parastitic Nematodes also known as eelworms.

They are a diverse animal phylum inhabiting a broad range of environments.

6.Mention the examples of some Nematodes

Examples of some Nematodes are

• Hookworm
• Lungworm
• Pinworm
• Threaworm
• Whipworm
• Eelworm

6.Mention some diseases caused by Nematodes

some diseases caused by Nematodes are

• Filariasis
• Ascariasis
• Trichinosis

7.Mention the life cycle of pinworm

Life cycle of the pinworm

• Female worms deposit eggs in a sticky, gelatinous substance that sticks to the skin around the anus
• Infection begins when the pinworm eggs are swallowed. Eggs are often swallowed when people touch their mouth after they scratch the area around the anus or handle clothes or other objects (such as bedspreads) that have eggs on them. Occasionally, handing contaminated objects causes a few eggs to become airborne and the eggs are swallowed.
• After being swallowed, the eggs travel to the small intestine, where they hatch and release larvae.
• The larvae then move to the large intestine. There , the larvae mature within 2 to 6 weeks and the adult worms mate
• At night, the pregnant female worm moves to the rectum and exits through the anus to lay eggs.

8.Mention the anatomy of a pinworm

• Mouth
• Vesicle
• Esophagus
• Bulb
• Intestine
• The opening of the vagina
• Reproductive system
• Anus

9.Mention the common side effects of Albendazole

• Tapeworm
• Hookworm
• Pinworm

10.Mention the common side effects of Albendazole

common side effects of Albendazole

• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Abnormal liver function test
• Headache

11.Mention the common drug interactions of Albendazole

Common drug interactions of Albendazole

• Theophyllin
• Anticoagulants (Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Prasugrel)
• Dexamethasone
• Aminoquinoline (Anti malarial)

12.Antacid কি?

যে সকল ড্রাগ stomach এর acid এর সাথে বিক্রিয়া করে এসিডকে নিউট্রাল করতে পারে তাদেরকে Antacid drug বলে।

Antacid drug প্রয়োজন অতিরিক্ত সেবন করলে stomach এ এসিড এর মাত্রা কমে যায় ফলে বদহজম দেখা যায়।

13.Mention the names of available antacid drugs.

• Aluminium hydroxide [Al (OH)3]
• Magnesium hydroxide [Mg (OH)2]

14.Mention the available brand of antacid in Bangladesh.

Available brand of antacid in Bangladesh

• Entacyd (Square Pharmaceuticals)
• Lactameal (Beximco Pharmaceuticals)
• Avlocid (ACI Limited)
• Antanil (Ibn Sina Pharmaceuticals)
• Oxecone (Acme Laboratories Ltd)

15.Antacid tablet/Syrup কিভাবে কাজ করে?

Antacid tablet/Syrup পাকস্থলিতে এসিডের সাথে বিক্রিয়া করে লবণ ও পানি তৈরী করে। ফলে পাকস্থলিতে এসিডের মাত্রা কমে যায।

• Al(OH)3+3HCI= AlCl3+3H2O
• Mg(OH)2+2HCl= MgCl2 + 2H2O

16.Ascorbic Acid কি? Ascorbic Acid এর অভাব জনীত রোগ গুলি কি কি?

Vitamin C কে Ascorbic Acid বলে।

Ascorbic Acid এর অভাব জনীত রোগ

• Scurvy
• Anemia

17.Scurvy কি? Scurvy রোগের লক্ষন গুলি কি কি?

Vitamin C এর অভাব জনীত রোগ অবস্থাকে Scurvy বলে।

Scurvy রোগের লক্ষন গুলি

• দাতঁ আলগা হয়ে যাওয়া
• মাড়ি থেকে রক্ত ক্ষরন
• দূর্বলতা ও স্বাস্থ্য ভেঙ্গে যাওয়া
• Limbsএবং joint এ ব্যথা
• Mucus Membrane থেকে রক্ত ক্ষরন
• Anemia

18.Anemia কি?Anemia রোগের লক্ষন গুলি কি কি?

রক্তে hemoglobin এর মাত্রা কমে গিয়ে ত্বক ও mucus Membrane এর বর্ণ ফ্যাকাশে হলে তাকে Anemia বা একে রক্ত স্বল্পতা ও বলা হয়।

Anemia রোগের লক্ষন গুলি

• দূর্বলতা ও শ্বাসকষ্ট
• বুক ধড়ফড় করা
• Skin, Conjunctive ও নখ ফ্যাকাশে হয়ে যাওয়া
• Angular stomatitis

19.Mention the names of OTC medicines started with alphabet “B”.

OTC medicines started with alphabet “B”

• Benzyl Benzoate Lotion
• Anti scabies and Anti lice

20.Scabies কি?

Scabies is an infestation of the skin by the human itch mite (Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis). The microscopic scabies mite burrows into the upper layer of the skin where it lives and lays its eggs. The most common symptoms of scabies are intense itching and a pimple like skin rash.

21.Mention the doses of Benzyl benzoate lotion for scabies.

For scabies infestation: Adults- Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated after twenty -four hours one time any time with five days. For infants: Use mixed with three parts water , just one time.

22.Mention the doses of Benzyl benzoate lotion for eradication of lice.

For lice infestation:

• Adults-
  • Use just one time .For severe case, treatment may be repeated two or three times after twenty -four hours
• Children- For infants:
  • Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time
• For Older children:
  • Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

23.Mention the OTC medicines spelling started with alphabet “C”.

OTC medicines spelling started with alphabet “C”.

• Calcium Tablet
• Chloramphenicol Eye Drops/Ointment & Ear drops/ Ointment
• Chlorhexidine lotion/Cream
• Chloroxylenol lotion/Cream
• Chlorpheniramine Maleate tablet/syrup
• Condoms

24.Define calcium. Mention the function of calcium.

Calcium is a mineral. This mineral is very important for our body.

Function of calcium

• Building strong bones and teeth
• Clotting blood
• Sending and receiving nerve signals
• Squeezing and relaxing muscles
• Releasing hormones and others chemicals
• Keeping a normal heartbeat

25.Define chloramphenicol.

Chloramphenicol is an broad spectrum antibiotic drug used in the treatment of superficial eye infections and ear infections such as bacterial conjunctivitis and otitis externa. It is a protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotic.

26.Mention the indications of chloramphenicol eye drops.

• Bacterial conjunctivitis
• Viral conjunctivitis (so that virus cannot grow with the help of bacterial)
• Any bacterial infections of the eye ball.

27.Mention the indications of chloramphenicol ear drops.

Indications of chloramphenicol ear drops.

• Otitis externa due to bacterial infection
• Otitis media due to bacterial infection
• Otitis interna due to bacterial infection

28.Define Conjunctiva and Conjunctivitis.

Conjunctiva

Eyelid এর সাতে Eye ball এর সংযোগকারী muscle কে Conjunctiva বলে।

Conjunctivitis

Conjunctiva তে Inflammation হলে তাকে Conjunctivitis বলে।

Bacteria দ্বারা Conjunctivitis হলে চোখ লাল হয়, চোখ চুলকায়, চোখ দিয়ে পানি পড়ে এবং চোখ দিয়ে কেতু আসে।

29.Mention the symptoms of Conjunctivitis.

Symptoms of Conjunctivitis

• চোখ লাল হয়
• চোখ চুলকায়
• চোখ দিয়ে পানি পড়ে
• চোখ দিয়ে কেতু আসে

30.Mention the types of conjunctivitis.

Types of conjunctivitis

• Bacterial conjunctivitis.
• Viral conjunctivitis.
• Allergic conjunctivitis.

31.Mention the doses of chloramphenicol eye and ear drop.

Doses of chloramphenicol eye drop

1 ফোটা করে দিনে 4 বার

Doses of chloramphenicol ear drop

2 ফোটা করে দিনে 3/4 বার

32.Mention the brand names of chloramphenicol eye drop

Available chloramphenicol eye drop

• Optaphenicol eye drop
• Supraphen eye drop
• Opsophenicol eye drop
• Chlorphen eye drop
• A- phenicol eye drop

33.Chlorhexidine কি? বাজারে প্রচলিত Chlorhexidine গুলি কি কি?

Chlorhexidine হচ্ছে একটি Antiseptic drug

Antiseptic drug গুলি দেহের বাহিক জীবানু গুলিকে wash out করার জন্য ব্যবহৃত হয়।

বাজারে প্রচলিত Chlorhexidine গুলি

• Hexisol (ACI) Hand Rub
• Sanityza (Incepta)
• Savlon (ACI)
• Myslon (Hossain Group)

34.Chloroxylenol কি? বাজারে প্রচলিত Chloroxylenol গুলি কি কি?

Chloroxylenol হচ্ছে একটি antiseptic drug. Antiseptic drug washout করার জন্য ব্যবহৃত হয়।

বাজারে প্রচলিত Chloroxylenol গুলি হচ্ছে

• Dettol 1.3% (Reckitt & Benckiser Ltd)
• Dettol 4.8% (Reckitt & Benckiser Ltd)

35.Mention the use of Chlorpheniramine or Mention the indication of Chlorpheniramine maleate.

Chlorpheniramine এর ব্যবহার-

এলার্জির কারন-

• চোখ লাল হওয়া
• চোখ চুলকানো
• চোখ দিয়ে পানি পড়া
• হাঁচি
• নাকের ভিতরে চুলকানো
• গলার ভেতরে চুলকানো
• নাক দিয়ে পানি পড়া
• সাধারন ঠান্ডা লাগা
• ত্বক চুলকানো
• ত্বক লাল হওয়া
• ত্বকে চাকা চাকা হয়ে যা

36.Mention the available brand names of Chlorpheniramine.

Available brand names of Chlorpheniramine

• Histacin (Jayson Pharmaceuticals)
• Biocin (Bio pharma Ltd0
• Histalex (Acme Laboratories Ltd)
• Sinamin (Ibn Sina Pharmaceuticals)
• Adryl (Square Pharmaceuticals)

37.Condom কি?

Condom is a thin rubber sheath worn on a man’s penis during sexual intercourse as a contraceotive or as a protection against infection. ( কনডম হচ্ছে পাতলা রাবার সিথ যাহা জন্ম নিয়ন্রনের উদ্দেশ্য অথবা infection থেকে রক্ষার উদ্দেশ্য যৌনমিলনের সময় পুরুষের লিঙ্গে পড়ানো হয়।

38.Condom এর সুবিধা গুলি কি কি?

• দামে সস্তা এবং কোন contra indication নেই
• সহজে বহন করা যায়
• সহজে ব্যবহার করা যায়
• Disposable (ধংস করা যায়)
• STD কে protection দেয়
• কোন side effect নেই
• সার্ভিকেল cell গুলিকে abnormal হওয়া থেকে রক্ষা করে

39.Mention the disadvantage of condom.

Disadvantage

• যৌন মিলনের সময় কনডম ছিঁড়ে যেতে পারে
• যৌন মিলনে পযাপ্ত তৃপ্তি পাওয়া যায় না
• একবার ব্যবহার করার পর ধ্বংস করতে হয়

40.Mention the available brand of condom in Bangladesh.

• Original super viga 100000 best long timing delay
• Love sex durex extra time 10 condoms
• Durex condoms, Extra thin 10 pcs
• Panther dotted condom 36 pcs
• Love sex durex extra safe condoms 12 pcs
• Durex close fit condom
• Durex pleasure me ribbed and dotted condoms 12 pcs
• Durex condoms, extra ribbed 10 pcs

41.Mention the OTC medicines spelling started with alphabet “D”

OTC medicines spelling started with alphabet “D”

• Diclofenac Gel (Diclofenac is a pain killer drug)
• Dextromethorphen syrup (Dextromethorphen is a non narcotic antitussive cough drug)

42.Mention the trade name and indication of diclofenac gel.

Diclofenac হচ্ছে একটি ব্যাথা নাশক NSAID

Trade name

• Clofenac gel
• Voltalin gel

Indication

• Dermatitis (skin pain)
• Muscle pain
• Joint pain
• Arthritis pain

43.Dextromethorphan কি? Dextromethorphan এর indication লিখ

Dextromethorphan is an nor narcotic antitussive cough drug. ইহা ব্রেনের cough center point এ কাজ করে কফের তীব্রতা কমায়।

Indication of Dextromethorphan

• Symptomatic relief of upper respiratory tract disorders accompanied by non-productive cough.
• Temporarily relieves these symptoms due to common cold, hay fever (Allergic rhinitis) other upper respiratory allergies, cough due to minor throat or bronchial irritation, runny nose, sneezing, itching of the nose or throat, itchy, watery eyes, nasal congestion, reduces swelling of nasal passage.
• Excessive nonproductive cough
• Excessive cough with any cause.
• Basically Dextromethorphan is a temporary cough drug for reducing the frequency of cough only.

44.Mention the OTC medicines spelling started with alphabet ” F”

OTC medicines spelling started with alphabet ” F”

• Ferrous sulphate tablet/ capsule/syrup
• Ferrous gluconate tablet/capsule/syrup
• Ferrous fumarate tablet/capsule/syrup

Ferrous (Ferrous sulphate, Ferrous gluconate, ferrous fumarate) is a hematinic drug. This drug is indication for the treatment of anemia. Ferrous take part in hemoglobin formation.

45.Mention the available brand of ferrous in Bangladesh.

• Aristofol Fe (Beximco Pharmaceuticals)
• Aristoferon (Beximco Pharmaceuticals)
• Ferroglobin (Acme Laboratories Ltd)
• G-Iron (Gonoshastha Pharmaceuticals)
• Sinaferon (Ibn Sina Pharmaceuticals)

46.Mention the OTC medicines spelling started with alphabet “G”

OTC medicines spelling started with alphabet “G”

• Gentian violet
• Glycerin suppository

47.What is gentian violet?

Gentian violet হচ্ছে একটি রন্জক antiseptic. Skin এর fungal infection এ ইহা ব্যবহৃত হয়। Gentian violet দ্বারা আক্রান্ত স্থানে paint করা হয়। ইহার সামান্য antibacterial property ও আছে। তাই সামান্য কেটে যাওয়া ও ঘষার ক্ষেত্রে ও ইহার প্রলেপ দেওয়া হয়।

48.Mention the indication of gentian violet.

Indication of gentian violet

• Teneasis
  • Tenea pedis
  • Tenea corporis
  • Tenea cruris
  • Tenea versicolor
  • Tena facie
  • Tenea unguium (oricomicosis)
• Athlete’s food
• Minor cut
• Scrapes

49.Mention the indication of glycerin suppository.

Glycerinহচ্ছে একটি hyperosmotic laxative drug.

Indication of glycerin suppository

• Constipation

Glycerin suppository rectum এ use করলে rectum এ পানি বৃদ্ধি ঘটে এবং stool কে নরম করে। ফলে ১৫ থেকে ৬০ মিনিটের মধ্যে bowel movement ঘটে এবং রোগীর stool নির্গমন হয়ে যায়।

50.Write short notes on gentian violet and glycerin.

Gentian is an antiseptic dye used to treat fungal infection of the skin (e.g. ringworm, athlete’s foot).It also has weak antibacterial effects and may be used on minor cuts and scrapes to prevent infection.

Glycerin suppositories are known as stimulant laxatives. They should only be used to provide rapid relief from temporary constipation.

51.Mention the OTC medicines spelling stared with alphabet “L”

OTC medicines spelling stared with alphabet “L”

• Low dose contraceptive pills
  • C3 (Combination 3)-hormonal formulation of levonorgestrel 0.15 mg and ethinylestradiol 9.93 mg.
  • Sukhi (Sukhi is atype of an oral combined contraceptive pill for woman that are available in Bangladesh only. Out of the 28 pills in a strip, seven are iron supplement.)
  • Oral contraceptive pills are hormonal methods of preventing pregnancy.

52.Mention the OTC medicines spelling stared with “M”

OTC medicines spelling stared with “M”

• Mebendazole tab.
• Metronidazole tab/suspension
• Methyl Salicylate gel
• Milk of Magnesia Suspension
• Mouthwash preparations
• Multivitamin tab/cap/drop

53.What is Mebendazole?

Mebendazole is an anthelmintic drug. It is used to treat roundworm and whipworm infection

Mebendazole is used to treat pinworm, whipworm, roundworm and hookworm infections.

54.Mention the doses of Mebendazole 100mg and 500mg tablet.

Doses of Mebendazole 100 mg

For common roundworms, hookworms and whipworms. Adults and children 2 years of age and older-100mg two times a day, for 3 consecutive days. Treatment may need to be repeated in 3 weeks

Doses of Mebendazole 500 mg

for roundworms and whipworms . Adults dose 500 mg once a day for 1 day.

55.What are the difference between albendazole and mebendazole.

Albendazole was clearly more active than mebendazole, against hookworm infections, both in terms of egg reduction rate (92.8% vs. 62.4) and cure rate (81.8% vs. 17.2)

56.What are the indication and dose of metronidazole.

Indication of metronidazole

• Amebic dysentery
• Amebic liver abscen
• Bacterial infection of vagina

Doses

• Adult : 400 mg tab 6 hourly
• Adoles: 200 mg tab 6 hourly
• Child: per kg body weigh syp 6 hourly

57.Mention the side effects of metronidazole

• Dizziness
• Headache
• Stomach upset
• Nausea, Vomiting, lose of appetite
• Diarrhoea, Constipation
• Metalic taste in the mouth

58.Mention the indication of methyl salicylate gel.

Indication of methyl salicylate gel

For temporary relief of

• Muscle pain
• Joint pain

59.What is milk of magnesia?

Milk of magnesia is a white suspension of hydrated magnesiaum carbonate in water.

Milk of magnesia is used as antacid and laxative

60.What are the indication of milk of magnesia?

Indication of milk of magnesia

• Hyperacidity
• Gastric ulcer
• Doudenal ulcer
• Constipation

61.What are the mouth wash preparation in Bangladesh?

Povidone Iodine

Trade name

• Viodin mouth wash
• Povisep mouth wash
• Arodin mouth wash

Sodium Fluoride

• Flurodent mouth wash
• Listacare plus

62.What are the indications of Multivitamin tab and capsule?

Vitamin deficiencies caused by-

• Illness
• Pregnancy
• Poor nutrition
• Digestive disorders

63.What are the indications of povidone iodine and sodium fluoride mouth wash.

• Oral Thrush
• Dental infection
• Dental surgery
• Infective glossitis

64.What are the usually common components of multivitamin tab.

• Vitamin-D
• Magnesium
• Calcium
• Zinc
• Iron
• Folate
• Vitamin B-12

65.What are the indication of multivitamin drops?

Vitamin deficiency of children caused by-

• Illness
• Poor nutrition
• Lack of breast
• Loss of appetite

66.Mention the available brand of multivitamin and mineral.

Available brand of multivitamin and mineral

• Solvit-M
• Aristovit-M
• Multivit plus
• Supravit-M
• Opsovit-MM

67.What are Neomycin, Gentamycin and Bacitracin?

• Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic drug.
• Gentamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic drug.
• Bacitracin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic drug.

At present aminoglycoside antibiotics are used topically (locally) such as skin ointment, skin cream, eye drop, eye ointment, ear drop, ear ointment.

68.Define sachet

Sachet is a small closed container made of paper or plastic, containing a small amount of something, usually enough for only one occasion.

69.What is the medical definition of dusting powder?

Medical definition of dusting powder

Dusting powder is a kind of powder used on the skin or on wounds especially for allaying irritation or absorbing moisture.

70.Dusting powder কি?

Skin এবং ক্ষত স্থানের উপরে জ্বালাপোড়া কমানোর জন্য এবং আদ্রর্তা শোষনের জন্য যে powder ব্যবহৃত হয় তাদেরকে dusting powder বলে। যেমন- Nebanol powder

71.Nebanol powder এ কি কি থাকে?

Nebanol powder

• Neomycin sulphate BP
• Bacitracin Zinc BP

72.Mention the OTC medicines spelling stared with alphabet “O”

OTC medicines spelling stared with alphabet “O”

• Omeprazole
• Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS)

73.Mention the indication of Omeprazole

• Hyperacidity
• Gastric ulcer
• Duodenal ulcer

74.Mention the available brand names of Omeprazole

• Losectil 20 mg
• Seclo 20 mg
• Ometac 20 mg
• Prazole 20 mg
• Omegut 20 mg

75.Mention the indication of ORS.

Indication of ORS

• Electrolyte deficiency symptoms
• After diarrhea
• After vomiting
• After bleeding
• Electrolyte balance

77.Mention the OTC medicines spelling stared with alphabet “P”

OTC medicines spelling stared with alphabet “P”

• Paracetamol tab/ syrup/ suspension/ suppository
• Permethrin ointment/ cream
• Potassium permanganate granule for gargle
• Povidone iodion
• Promethazine theoclate tab

77.What is paracetamol?

Paracetamol is an analgesic and antipyretic drug. অর্থাৎপ্যারাসিটামল হচ্ছে একটি ব্যাথানাশক ও জ্বর নাশক ওষুধ। ইহা ব্যাথা এবং জ্বর এর বিরুদ্ধে কাজ করে।

78.Mention the doses form of paracetamol.

Doses form of paracetamol

• Tablet
• Syrup
• Suspension
• Suppository

79.What is permethrin?

Permethrin is a drug used against scabies and lice. Permethrin ointment and cream are used for treatment of scabies.

80.What is scabies?

Scabies is an infestation of the skin by the human itch mite (Sarcoptic scabbier var. hominis). The microscopic scabies mite burrows into the upper layer of the skin where it lives and lays its eggs. The most common symptoms of scabies are intense itching and a pimple like skin rash.

81.What are available promethazine theoclate in Bangladesh?

• Avomine Tab 25 mg (Sanofi)
• Promezin (Promethazine HCl ) Beximco pharma

82.Promethazine theoclate কি?

Therapeutic class of Promethazine theoclate are

• Anti-emetic drug
• Miscellaneous sedatives & hypnotics
• Sedative Antihistamine

83.What are the indication of Promethazine theoclate?

Anti emetic (anti sickness) – Nausea or vomiting due to travel or vertigo, Light headedness.

84.What is emesis?

The actioner process of vomiting is called emesis.

84.Mention the OTC medicines spelling started with “R”

OTC medicines spelling started with “R”

• Ranitidine (But it is banned due to its harmful side effect)
• Riboflavin

86.Mention the short note on Ranitidine.

Ranitidine was an OTC medicine but recently Ranitidine is a banned medicine due to its harmful side effect.

87.Why Ranitidine tab is banned?

NDMA is a probable human carcinogen (a substance that could cause cancer). In the summer of 2019, the FDA became aware of independent laboratory testing that found NDMA in ranitidine. Low levels of NDMA are commonly ingested in the diet, for example NDMA is present in foods and in water.

88.What is Riboflavin?

Riboflavin is a yellow vitamin of the B complex which is essential for metabolic energy production. It is present in many foods, especially milk, liver, eggs and green vegetables and is also synthesized by the intestinal flora.

89.Mention the indication of Riboflavin.

Indication of Riboflavin

• Riboflavin deficiency
• Angular stomatitis
• Migraine
• High levels of homocysteine in the blood
• Acne
• Muscle cramps

90.Mention the OTC medicines spelling started with alphabet “S”

OTC medicines spelling started with alphabet “S”

• Sulbutamol tab.
• Salicylic acid + Benzoic acid ointment
• Silver sulphadiazine ointment
• Sunscreen preparation

91.What is salbutamol?

Salbutamol is a bronchodilator drug. ইহা আমাদের bronchus বা বায়ুনালী গুলিকে প্রসারিত করে। বায়ুনালী গুলি সংকোচিত হলে বাতাস চলাচলে বাধাগ্রস্থ হয় এবং শ্বাসকষ্ট দেখা যায়। তাই যে কোন ধরনের শ্বাসকষ্টে প্রাথমিক চিকিৎসার জন্য সালবিউটামল দেওয়া যেতে পারে। Sulbutamol is a fast acting bronchodilator and reliever medication.

92.Mention the indication of salbutamol.

Indication of salbutamol

To relive the symptoms of asthma or bronchospasm. To relive symptoms such as chest tightness, wheezing, shortness of breath and coughing in some other chest diseases too, such as COPD. Salbutamol can also be used to prevent asthma symptoms which occur with exercise or on exposure to an allergen, such as cat or dog fur, pollen or house dust.

93.Mention the available dosage form salbutamol.

• Salbutamol inhaler 100 mcg per dose
• Salbutamol dry powder inhaler 200 mcg per dose
• Salbutamol rotacap or cosycap
• Salbutamol oral syrup 2 mg/ 5 ml
• Salbutamol tablets 2 mg and 4 mg
• Salbutamol respirator solution 5 mg/ ml

94.Mention the brand name of salbutamol in Bangladesh.

Available brand name of salbutamol in Bangladesh

• Azmasol (Beximco pharmaceutical)
• Asmalin ( Aristopharma)
• Brodil ( ACI pharmaceutical)
• Pulmocare ( Healthcare)
• Sultolin ( Square pharmaceutical)

95.Mention the doses of salbutamol syrup for adult and child.

Salbutamol oral syrup 2 mg/5 ml

Adults (over 18 years old): The usual dose is 5 ml to 20 ml, up to 4 times a day.

Children (over 12 years old): The usual dose is 5 ml to 10 ml, 3 or 4 times a day.

Children aged between 6 and 12 years: The usual dose is 5 ml, 3 or 4 times a day.

96.Mention the contraindication of salbutamol.

• Allergic reaction or hypersensitivity reaction.
• Pregnancy
• Breast feeding mother

97.Mention the indication of salicylic and benzoic acid.

salicylic and benzoic acid এই acid দুইটি জৈব এসিড। আমরা জানি জৈব এসিড সাধারনত দূর্বল এসিড।

Indication

• Skin irritation
• Skin inflammation (Cause by burns, insect bites, fungal infection)

98.What is silver sulfadiazine? Mention the indication of silver sulfadiazine.

Silver sulfadiazine is an antibiotic. It fights bacteria and yeast on the skin. Silver sulfadiazine topical (for the skin) is used to treat or prevent serious infection on areas of skin with second or third degree burns. Silver sulfadiazine topical may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

99.Sunscreen কি?

Sunscreen হচ্ছে এক ধরনের medicine যাহা সূযের আলো ও তাপের ক্ষতিকর রশ্মি থেকে skin কে রক্ষা করে। ইহা ointment, cream, lotion, gel, sorry foam ইত্যাদি প্রথমে পাওয়া যায়।

Available Sunscreen in Bangladesh.

• Banana boat lotion
• Sun block

100.Mention the OTC medicines spelling stared with alphabet “V”

OTC medicines spelling stared with alphabet “V”

• Vitamin A Capsule
• Vitamin B complex (Individual or Combinations) Tablet/ Syrup/ Drops.

101.Vitamin-A কি? Vitamin-A এর অভাব জনীত রোগ গুলি কি কি?

Vitamin-A হচ্ছে একটি Fat soluble vitamin

Vitamin-A এর অভাব জনীত রোগ গুলি-

• Night Blindness ( রাতকানা )
• Corneal ulcer ( কার্ণিয়ার ক্ষত )
• দূর্বল রোগ প্রতিরোধ ব্যবস্থা

102.What are the indications of vitamin-A?

• Night blindness
• Vision loss
• Ratinopathy
• Antioxident

103.What are the names of vitamin-B?

There are many different types of vitamin-B

• Thiamin ( vitamin B1)
• Riboflavin ( Vitamin B2)
• Niacin ( Vitamin B3)
• Pantothenic acid
• Vitamin B6
• Biotin (Vitamin B7)
• Folate and folic acid
• Vitamin B12

104.What are the indication of Vitamin B complex?

• Vitamin B deficiency
• Loss of appetite
• Indigestion
• Impaired brain function
• Impaired nerve function

105.What are the indication of combined vitamin B1, B6 & B12?

Indication of combined vitamin B1, B6 & B12

• For the deficiency of the relevant vitamins
• Diabetic neuropathies
• Alcoholic neuropathies
• Toxic neuropathies
• Neuritis, Neuralgia
• Cervical syndrome
• Shoulder arm syndrome
• Lumbago, Sciatica, Mayalgia, Herpes Zoster
• Trigeminal Neuralgia
• Supportive treatment in facial paresis

106.Mention the doses of combined vit B1,B6 B12.

Doses of combined vit B1,B6 B12

Tablet: 1 to 3 tablets daily or as directed by the physician

Injection: Preferably injected intramuscularly (deep intragluteal). In severe cases 1 amp daily until the acute symptoms subside For milder cases and follow up therapy :2 or 3 amp per week.

107.Mention the available brand of combined vitamin B1, B6 and B12.

available brand of combined vitamin B1, B6 and B12

• Neuro-B (Square Pharmaceuticals)
• Neobion (Aristopharma)
• Neurocare (Beximco Pharmaceuticals)
• Neurotonic (Globex Pharmaceuticals)
• Neurobest (Renata Limited)
• Neuralgiin (Ibn Sina)
• Mylo (Navana Pharmaceuticals)
• Myelin (Opsonin Pharmaceuticals)
• Myovit (Somatec Pharmaceuticals)
• Solbion (SK+F Pharmaceutical)
• Supra B (Drug International)
• Vitabion (Incepta Pharmaceuticals)

108.What is Xylometazoline?

Xylometazoline is a decongestant drug. Xylometazoline 0.1% nasal drops for the treatment of Nasal congestion of adult patients.

109.Define congestion, Nasal congestion and Nasal decongestant.

Congestion: শরীরের কোন অংশে Fluid জমলে তাকে congestion বলে।

Nasal congestion: নাকের mucous layer এ fluid জমলে তাকে Nasal congestion বলে।

Nasal decongestant: যে সকলdrug Nasal congestion দূর করার জন্য ব্যবহৃত হয় তাদেরকে Nasal decongestant বলে। যেমন: Xylometozolin, Oxymetazolin.

Nasal congestion হলে নাক বন্ধ হয়ে যায় এবং Nasal decongestant Drug প্রয়োগ করলে Nasal congestion দূর হয এবং নাকের ছিদ্র ভালোভাবে open থাকে।

110.Antihistamine drug কাকে বলে এবং Antihistamine drug গুলিকে কয় ভাগে ভাগ করা যায়।

Antihistamine: যে সকল drug histamine এর বিরুদ্ধে কাজ করে তাদেরকে Antihistamine drug বলে।

Antihistamine drug গুলিকে ২ ভাগে ভাগ করা যায়

• Sedative antihistamine
  • Chlorphemiramine Maleate
• Non-Sedative antihistamine
  • Fexofenadine
  • Rupatadone

Sedative antihistamine খেলে ঘুম ধরে তাই এই medicine গুলিকে রাত্রে শোয়ার সময় খাওয়ানো হয়

Non-Sedative antihistamineগুলি খেলে ঘুম ধরে না তাই যে কোন সময় খাওয়ানো যায়। তবে রাত্রে খাওয়ানোই ভালো।